What is Magnetism?
Magnetic particle testTo be able to explain, firstly, the definition of magnetism must be made correctly. Magnetism is a sub-branch of physics that examines the forces of electric charges in motion against each other. It is a physical event caused by magnetic fields. The "ferro" part of the term ferromagnetism comes from the Latin "ferrum" of the iron substance. Because the first natural magnet was seen as a natural form of iron, expressed by the formula "magnetite - Fe3O4". Some are attracted by magnetic fields, some are pushed. Some items get complicated. Substances that are negatively affected by magnetic fields are considered non-magnetic materials. These are copper, aluminum, gases, plastic and liquefied oxygen. Magnetic substances are iron, nickel and cobalt.

It depends on a number of factors such as magnetism, temperature, pressure and applied magnetic field. When these factors change, the substance may exhibit more than one magnetism feature.

What is a Magnetic Particle Test?
In magnetic particle testing, which is one of the non-destructive testing methods used for the detection of surface defects, it is aimed to determine the locations of discontinuities on the surface of the material.
For this reason, in this technique applied, an influx of leakage is created on the material. The magnetic powders scattered on the material are pulled by the leakage fluxes and settle around the discontinuities on the surface of the material. In this way, the locations of discontinuities are determined.
Magnetic particle tests can be applied to all ferromagnetic materials.

Application of Magnetic Particle Test The application
Process is basically collected under 8 main titles. The order and titles of the application are given below.

1. Pre-cleaning on the inspection surface
2. If necessary, demagnetization
3. Application of magnetizing current
4. Spraying ferromagnetic powders
5. Interruption of magnetizing current
6. Examination
7. Evaluation and report preparation
8. Demagnetization and post-cleaning

Benefits

• Indications can be detected both near the surface and below the surface.
• Irregularly shaped parts can be easily examined.
• Pre-cleaning is not as important as some other types of examinations.
• It is a rapid examination method.
• Indications can be seen directly on the sample surface.
• It is considerably low cost compared to many other NDT (Non-destructive testing) techniques.
• It is a highly portable form of examination when used with battery powered equipment.
  It can also be applied in case of a thin paint layer.